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This chapter describes the commands used to configure and monitor host services and applications, such as Domain Name System (DNS), Telnet, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), and Remote Copy Protocol (RCP).
For detailed information about host services and applications concepts, configuration tasks, and examples, refer to the Cisco IOS XR IP Addresses and Services Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router.
To configure the rate limit at which service requests are accepted by Cisco inetd (Cinetd), use the cinetd rate-limit command in Global Configuration mode. To restore the default, use the no form of this command.
cinetd rate-limit value
no cinetd rate-limit value
value |
Number of service requests that are accepted per second. Range is 1 to 100. Default is 1. |
One service request per second is accepted.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
Any service request that exceeds the rate limit is rejected. The rate limit is applied to individual applications.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows the cinetd rate-limit being set to 10:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# config RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# cinetd rate-limit 10
To delete temporary entries from the hostname-to-address cache, use the clear host command in EXEC mode.
clear host { host-name | * }
host-name |
Name of host to be deleted. |
* |
Specifies that all entries in the local cache be deleted. |
No default behavior or values
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
The dynamic host entries in the cache are cleared.
The temporary entries in the cache are cleared; the permanent entries that were entered with the domain ipv4 host or the domain ipv6 host command are not cleared.
By default, no static mapping is configured.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
execute |
The following example shows how to clear all temporary entries from the hostname-and-address cache:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# clear host *
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Defines a static IPv4 hostname-to-address mapping in the host cache. |
|
Defines a static IPv6 hostname-to-address mapping in the host cache. |
|
Displays the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses. |
To configure the address of the destination device, use the destination address command in the ipsla echo configuration mode. To restore the default, use the no form of this command.
destination address address
no destination address address
address |
IPv4/IPv6 address of the destination device. |
None
ipsla echo configuration
Release | Modification |
---|---|
Release 4.3 |
This command was introduced. |
No specific guidelines impact the use of this command.
Task ID | Operation |
---|---|
monitor |
read, write |
This example shows how to configure 10.10.10.20 as the destination address of a device.
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ipsla RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla)# operation 500 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla-op)# type icmp echo RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla-echo)# timeout 5000 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla-echo)# destination address 10.10.10.20
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Configures the address of the source device |
To define a static hostname-to-address mapping in the host cache using IPv4, use the domain ipv4 host command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the domain ipv4 host command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
domain ipv4 host host-name v4address2......v4address8
no domain ipv4 host host-name v4address1
host-name |
Name of the host. The first character can be either a letter or a number. |
v4address1 |
Associated IP address. |
v4address2...v4address8 |
(Optional) Additional associated IP address. You can bind up to eight addresses to a hostname. |
No static mapping is configured.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
The first character can be either a letter or a number. If you use a number, the operations you can perform (such as ping) are limited.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
basic-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to define two IPv4 static mappings:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain ipv4 host host1 192.168.7.18 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain ipv4 host bost2 10.2.0.2 192.168.7.33
To define a static hostname-to-address mapping in the host cache using IPv6, use the domain ipv6 host command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the domain ipv6 host command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
domain ipv6 host host-name v6address1 [v6address2 ......v6address4]
no domain ipv6 host host-name v6address1
host-name |
Name of the host. The first character can be either a letter or a number. |
v6address1 |
Associated IP address. |
v6address2...v6address4 |
(Optional) Additional associated IP address. You can bind up to four addresses to a hostname. |
No static mapping is configured. IPv6 address prefixes are not enabled.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
The first character can be either a letter or a number. If you use a number, the operations you can perform (such as ping) are limited.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to define two IPv6 static mappings:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain ipv6 host host1 ff02::2 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain ipv6 host host2 ff02::1
To define a list of default domain names to complete unqualified hostnames, use the domain list command in Global Configuration mode. To delete a name from a list, use the no form of this command.
domain list domain-name
no domain list domain-name
domain-name |
Domain name. Do not include the initial period that separates an unqualified name from the domain name. |
No domain names are defined.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
If there is no domain list, the domain name that you specified with the domain name (IPAddr) command is used to complete unqualified hostnames. If there is a domain list, the default domain name is not used. The domain list command is similar to the domain name (IPAddr) command, except that you can use the domain list command to define a list of domains, each to be tried in turn.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-service |
read, write |
The following example shows how to add several domain names to a list:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain list domain1.com RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain list domain2.edu
The following example shows how to add a name to and then delete a name from the list:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain list domain3.edu RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# no domain list domain2.edu
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Defines a default domain name to complete unqualified hostnames (names without a dotted-decimal domain name). |
|
Displays the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses. |
To disable the IP Domain Name System (DNS)-based hostname-to-address translation, use the domain lookup disable command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the specified command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
domain lookup disable
no domain lookup disable
This command has no keywords or arguments.
The IP DNS-based host-to-address translation is enabled.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
Using the no command removes the specified command from the configuration file and restores the system to its default condition. The no form of this command is not stored in the configuration file.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to enable the IP DNS-based hostname-to-address translation:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain lookup disable
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Defines a default domain name to complete unqualified hostnames (names without a dotted-decimal domain name). |
|
Specifies the address of one or more name servers to use for name and address resolution. |
|
Displays the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses. |
To define a default domain name that the software uses to complete unqualified hostnames, use the domain name command in the appropriate mode. To remove the name, use the no form of this command.
domain name domain-name
no domain name domain-name
domain-name |
Default domain name used to complete unqualified hostnames. Do not include the initial period that separates an unqualified name from the domain name. |
There is no default domain name.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
To use this command, you must be in a user group associated with a task group that includes the proper task IDs. If you suspect user group assignment is preventing you from using a command, contact your AAA administrator for assistance.
If a hostname does not contain a domain name, then a dot and the domain name configured by the domain name command are appended to the hostname before it is added to the host table.
If no domain name is configured by the domain name command and the user provides only the hostname, then the request is not looked up.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Defines a list of default domain names to complete unqualified hostnames. |
|
Specifies the address of one or more name servers to use for name and address resolution. |
|
Displays the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses. |
To specify the address of one or more name servers to use for name and address resolution, use the domain name-server command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the address specified, use the no form of this command.
domain name-server server-address
no domain name-server server-address
server-address |
IP address of a name server. |
If no name server address is specified, the default name server is 255.255.255.255. IPv4 and IPv6 address prefixes are not enabled.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
You can enter up to six addresses, but only one for each command.
If no name server address is specified, the default name server is 255.255.255.255 so that the DNS lookup can be broadcast to the local network segment. If a DNS server is in the local network, it replies. If not, there might be a server that knows how to forward the DNS request to the correct DNS server.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to specify host 192.168.1.111 as the primary name server and host 192.168.1.2 as the secondary server:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain name-server 192.168.1.111 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# domain name-server 192.168.1.2
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Disables the domain lookup. |
|
Defines a default domain name to complete unqualified hostnames (names without a dotted-decimal domain name). |
To assign a password for anonymous users, use the ftp client anonymous-password command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the ftp client anonymous-password command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
ftp client anonymous-password password
no ftp client anonymous-password
password |
Password for the anonymous user. |
No default behavior or values
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
The ftp client anonymous-password command is File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server dependent.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to set the anonymous password to xxxx:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ftp client anonymous-password xxxx
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Configures the software to use only passive File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the password for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the source IP address for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the username for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
To configure the software to use only passive File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections, use the ftp client passive command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the ftp client passive command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
ftp client passive
no ftp client passive
This command has no keywords or arguments.
FTP data connections are active.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Using the ftp client passive command allows you to make only passive-mode FTP connections. To specify the source IP address for FTP connections, use the ftp client source-interface command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to configure the networking device to use only passive FTP connections:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ftp client passive
1d:3h:54:47: ftp_fs[16437]: FTP: verifying tuple passive (SET).
1d:3h:54:47: ftp_fs[16437]: FTP: applying tuple passive (SET).
1d:3h:54:47: ftp_fs[16437]: FTP: passive mode has been enabled.
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Assigns a password for anonymous users. |
|
Specifies the password for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the source IP address for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the username for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
To specify the password for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections, use the ftp client password command in Global Configuration mode. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
ftp client password { clear-text-password | clear clear-text password | encrypted encrypted-text password }
no ftp client password { clear-text-password | clear clear-text password | encrypted encrypted-text password }
clear-text-password |
Specifies an unencrypted (cleartext) user password |
clear clear-text password |
Specifies an unencrypted (cleartext) shared password. |
encrypted encrypted-text password |
Specifies an encrypted shared password. |
No default behavior or values
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.6.0 |
This command was introduced. |
No specific guidelines impact the use of this command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to specify the password for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ftp client password lab
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Assigns a password for anonymous users. |
|
Configures the software to use only passive File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the source IP address for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the username for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
To specify the source IP address for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections, use the ftp client source-interface command in Global Configuration mode . To remove the ftp client source-interface command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
ftp client source-interface type interface-path-id
no ftp client source-interface type interface-path-id
type |
Interface type. For more information, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
||
interface-path-id |
Physical interface or virtual interface.
For more information about the syntax for the router, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
The FTP source address is the IP address of the interface used by the FTP packets to leave the networking device.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Use this command to set the same source address for all FTP connections. To configure the software to use only passive FTP connections, use the ftp client passive command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to configure the IP address associated with Packet over Sonet (POS)interface 0/1/2/1 as the source address on all FTP packets, regardless of which interface is actually used to send the packet:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ftp client source-interface POS 0/1/2/1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Assigns a password for anonymous users. |
|
Configures the software to use only passive File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the password for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the username for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
To specify the username for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections, use the ftp client username command in Global Configuration mode. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
ftp client username username
no ftp client username username
username |
Name for FTP user. |
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.6.0 |
This command was introduced. |
No specific guidelines impact the use of this command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to specify the username for FTP connections:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ftp client username brownfox
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Assigns a password for anonymous users. |
|
Configures the software to use only passive File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the password for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections. |
|
Specifies the source IP address for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections |
To configure the logging source interface in order to identify the syslog traffic that originates in a VRF from a particular router, as coming from a single device, use the logging source-interface vrfin Global Configuration mode. To remove the source-interface logging configuration for the given VRF, use the no form of this command.
logging source-interface interface vrf vrf-name
no logging source-interface interface vrf vrf-name
interface |
Interface number of the source |
vrf-name |
Name that identifies the VRF |
If vrf-name is not specified, the source interface is configured for the default VRF.
Release | Modification |
---|---|
Release 4.2.3 |
This command was introduced. |
Normally, a syslog message contains the IPv4 or IPv6 address of the interface used to exit the router. The logging source-interface command configures the syslog packets to contain the IPv4 or IPv6 address of a particular interface for a VRF, regardless of which interface the packet uses to exit the router.
Task ID | Operation |
---|---|
logging |
read, write |
This example shows how to configure interface loopback 0 to be the logging source interface for VRF vrf1.
RP/0/0/CPU0:router#logging source-interface loopback 0 vrf vrf1 RP/0/0/CPU0:router#logging source-interface loopback 1 vrf default
This sample output shows a logging source interface that is correctly configured for the VRF.
RP/0/0/CPU0:router#show running configuration logging
logging trap debugging
logging 223.255.254.249 vrf vrf1
logging 223.255.254.248 vrf default
logging source-interface Loopback0 vrf vrf1
logging source-interface Loopback1
To check host reachability and network connectivity on IP networks, use the ping command in EXEC mode.
ping [ ipv4 | ipv6 | vrf vrf-name ] [ host-name | ip-address ] [ count number ] [ size number ] [ source { ip-address | type number } ] [ timeout seconds ] [ pattern number ] [ type number ] [ priority number ] [verbose] [donnotfrag] [validate] [sweep]
ipv4 |
(Optional) Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
ipv6 |
(Optional) Specifies IPv6 address prefixes. |
vrf |
(Optional) Specifies VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance. |
vrf-name |
(Optional) VRF name of the system to ping. |
host-name |
(Optional) Hostname of the system to ping. |
ip-address |
(Optional) IP address of the system to ping. |
count number |
(Optional) Sets the repeat count. Range is 0 to 2147483647. |
size number |
(Optional) Sets the datagram size. Range is 36 to 18024 |
source |
(Optional) Identifies the source address or source interface. |
type number |
(Optional) Sets the type of service. Range is 0 to 255. Available when the ipv4 keyword is specified. |
timeout seconds |
(Optional) Sets the timeout in seconds. Range is 0 to 3600. |
priority number |
(Optional) Sets the packet priority. Range is 0 to 15. Available when the ipv6 keyword is specified. |
pattern number |
(Optional) Sets the data pattern. Range is 0 to 65535. |
verbose |
(Optional) Sets verbose output. |
donnotfrag |
(Optional) Sets the Don’t Fragment (DF) bit in the IP header. |
validate |
(Optional) Validates the return packet. |
sweep |
(Optional) Sets the sweep ping. |
No default behavior or values
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
Release 3.3.0 |
The vrf keyword and vrf-name argument were added. A range was added for the size keyword. |
The default value for the ping command refers only to the target IP address. No default value is available for the target IP address.
The ping program sends an echo request packet to an address and then waits for a reply. Ping output can help you evaluate path-to-host reliability, delays over the path, and whether the host can be reached or is functioning.
Note | The ping (EXEC) command is supported only on IP networks. |
If you enter the command without specifying either a hostname or an IP address, the system prompts you to specify the target IP address and several other command parameters. After specifying the target IP address, you can specify alternate values for the remaining parameters or accept the displayed default for each parameter.
If the system cannot map an address for a hostname, it returns an “%Unrecognized host or address, or protocol not running” error message.
To abnormally terminate a ping session, enter the escape sequence, which is, by default, Ctrl-C. Simultaneously press and release the Ctrl and C keys.
This table describes the test characters sent by the ping facility.
Character |
Description |
---|---|
! |
Each exclamation point indicates receipt of a reply. |
. |
Each period indicates that the network server timed out while waiting for a reply. |
? |
Unknown packet type. |
U |
A “destination unreachable” error protocol data unit (PDU) was received. |
C |
A “congestion experienced” packet was received. |
M |
Fragmentation is needed, but the “don’t fragment” bit in the IP header is set. When this bit is set, the IP layer does not fragment the packet and returns an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) error message to the source if the packet size is larger than the maximum transmission size. When this bit is not set, the IP layer fragments the packet to forward it to the next hop. |
Q |
A source quench packet was received. |
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
basic-services |
read, write, execute |
Although the precise dialog varies somewhat between IPv4 and IPv6, all are similar to the ping session, using default values shown in the following output:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# ping
Protocol [ipv4]:
Target IP address: 10.0.0.1
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands? [no]: yes
Source address or interface: 10.0.0.2
Type of service [0]:
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:
Validate reply data? [no]: yes
Data pattern [0xABCD]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Sweep range of sizes? [no]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.25.58.21, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 2/11/49 ms
If you enter a hostname or an address on the same line as the ping command, the command performs the default actions appropriate for the protocol type of that hostname or address, as shown in the following output:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# ping server01
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.7.27, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/8/9 ms
To check reachability and network connectivity to multiple hosts on IP networks, use the ping bulk command in EXEC mode.
ping bulk ipv4 [ input cli [ batch | inline ] ]
[ vrf vrf-name ] [ ip-address | domain-name ]
ipv4 |
Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
||
input |
Specifies input mode. |
||
cli |
Specifies input via CLI. |
||
batch |
Pings after all destinations are input. |
||
inline |
Pings after each destination is input. |
||
vrf vrf-name ip-address domain-name |
(Optional) Specifies a particular VRF. IP address of the system to ping. (Optional) Domain name of the system to ping.
|
No default behavior or values
Release | Modification |
---|---|
Release 4.1.2 |
This command was introduced. |
You must hit the Enter button and then specify one destination address per line.
Maximum number of destinations you can specify in the cli or batch mode is 2000.
Task ID | Operation |
---|---|
basic-services |
read, write, execute |
The following example shows how to ping many hosts by the input via CLI method:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# ping bulk ipv4 input cli batch
Please enter input via CLI with one destination per line and when done Ctrl-D/(exit)
to initiate pings:
1: vrf myvrf1 10.2.1.16
2:
Starting pings...
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.2.1.16, vrf is myvrf1, timeout is 2
seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 5/7/9 ms
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# ping bulk ipv4 input cli
Please enter input via CLI with one destination per line:
vrf myvrf1 1.1.1.1
vrf myvrf2 2.2.2.2
vrf myvrf1 myvrf1.cisco.com
vrf myvrf2 myvrf2.cisco.com
Starting pings...
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 1, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, vrf is myvrf1:
!
Success rate is 100 percent (1/1), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
Sending 2, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, vrf is myvrf2:
!!
Success rate is 100 percent (2/2), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
Sending 1, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, vrf is myvrf1:
!
Success rate is 100 percent (1/1), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/4/1 ms
Sending 2, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, vrf is myvrf2:
!!
Success rate is 100 percent (2/2), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/1 ms
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Checks host reachability and network connectivity on IP networks. |
To specify the source IP address for remote copy protocol (rcp) connections, use the rcp client source-interface command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the rcp client source-interface command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
rcp client source-interface type interface-path-id
no rcp client source-interface type interface-path-id
type |
Interface type. For more information, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
||
interface-path-id |
Physical interface or virtual interface.
For more information about the syntax for the router, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
The rcp source address is the IP address of the interface used by the rcp packets to leave the networking device.
Global configuration
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Use the rcp client source-interface command to set the IP address of an interface as the source for all rcp connections. To configure the remote username to be used when a remote copy using rcp is requested, use the rcp client username command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to set the IP address for Packet-over-SONET (POS) interface 1/0/2/1 as the source address for rcp connections:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# rcp client source-interface POS 1/0/2/1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Configures the remote username to be used when a remote copy using rcp is requested. |
To configure the local user on the client side to be used when requesting a remote copy using remote copy protocol (rcp), use the rcp client username command in Global Configuration mode. To restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
rcp client username username
no rcp client username username
username |
Name of the remote user on the rcp server. This name is used for rcp copy requests. If the rcp server has a directory structure, all files and images to be copied are searched for or written relative to the directory in the remote user account. |
If you do not issue this command, the software sends the remote username associated with the current tty process, if that name is valid, for rcp copy commands. For example, if the user is connected to the networking device through Telnet and the user was authenticated through the username command, the software sends that username as the remote username.
If the username for the current tty process is not valid, the software sends the hostname as the remote username. For rcp boot commands, the software sends the network server hostname by default.
Note | For Cisco, tty lines are commonly used for access services. The concept of tty originated with UNIX. For UNIX systems, each physical device is represented in the file system. Terminals are called tty devices (tty stands for teletype, the original UNIX terminal). |
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
The rcp protocol requires that a client send the remote username on an rcp request to the network server. Use the rcp client username command to specify the remote username to be sent to the network server for an rcp copy request. If the network server has a directory structure, as do UNIX systems, all files and images to be copied are searched for or written relative to the directory in the remote user account. To specify a source address for rcp connections, use the rcp client source-interface command.
Note | The remote username must be associated with an account on the destination server. |
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to configure the remote username to netadmin1:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# rcp client username netadmin1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Specifies the source IP address for rcp connections. |
To securely transfer a file from a local directory to a remote directory or from a remote directory to a local directory, use the scp command in EXEC mode.
scp { local-directory | username@location/directory } /filename { username@location/directory | local-directory } /filename
local-directory |
Specifies the local directory on the device. |
username@location/directory |
Specifies the remote directory where location is the IP address of the remote device. |
filename |
Specifies the file name to be transferred. |
None
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 5.1.1 |
This command was introduced. |
Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) is a file transfer protocol which provides a secure and authenticated method for transferring files. SCP relies on SSHv2 to transfer files from a remote location to a local location or from local location to a remote location.
Use the scp command to copy a file from the local device to a destination device or from a destination device to the local device.
Using SCP, you can only transfer individual files. You cannot transfer a file from a remote device to another remote device.
SSH server process must be running on the remote device.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to copy a file using the scp command from a local directory to a remote directory:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# scp /usr/file1.txt root@209.165.200.1:/root/file3.txt
Connecting to 209.165.200.1...
Password:
Transferred 553065 Bytes
553065 bytes copied in 0 sec (7576232)bytes/sec
The following example shows how to copy a file using the scp command from a remote directory to a local directory:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# scp root@209.165.200.1:/root/file4.txt /usr/file.txt
Connecting to 209.165.200.1...
Password:
Transferred 553065 Bytes
553065 bytes copied in 0 sec (7576232)bytes/sec
To display the services whose processes are spawned by Cinetd when a request is received, use the show cinetd services command in EXEC mode.
show cinetd services
This command has no keywords or arguments.
No default behavior or values
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
No specific guidelines impact the use of this command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read |
The following is sample is output from the show cinetd services command:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# show cinetd services
Family Service Proto Port ACL max_cnt curr_cnt wait Program Option
============================================================================
v4 telnet tcp 23 unlimited 0 nowait telnet
v4 tftp udp 69 unlimited 0 wait tftpd disk0
Field |
Description |
---|---|
Family |
Version of the network layer (IPv4 or IPv6). |
Service |
Network service (for example, FTP, Telnet, and so on). |
Proto |
Transport protocol used by the service (tcp or udp). |
Port |
Port number used by the service. |
ACL |
Access list used to limit the service from some hosts. |
max_cnt |
Maximum number of concurrent servers allowed for a service. |
curr_cnt |
Current number of concurrent servers for a service. |
wait |
Status of whether Cinetd has to wait for a service to finish before serving the next request. |
Program |
Name of the program for a service. |
Option |
Service-specific options. |
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Enables Telnet services on a networking device. |
|
Enables or disables the TFTP server or a feature running on the TFTP server. |
To display the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses, use the show hosts command in EXEC mode.
show hosts [host-name]
host-name |
(Optional) Name of the host about which to display information. If omitted, all entries in the local cache are displayed. |
Unicast address prefixes are the default when IPv4 address prefixes are configured.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
No specific guidelines impact the use of this command.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read |
The following is sample output from the show hosts command:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# show hosts
Default domain is cisco.com
Name/address lookup uses domain service
Name servers are 255.255.255.255
Host Flags Age(hr) Type Address(es)
host1.cisco.com (temp, OK) 1 IP 192.168.4.10
abc (perm, OK) 0 IP 10.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.3
Field |
Description |
---|---|
Default domain |
Default domain used to complete the unqualified hostnames. |
Name/address lookup |
Lookup is disabled or uses domain services. |
Name servers |
List of configured name servers. |
Host |
Hostname. |
Flags |
Indicates the status of an entry. |
Age(hr) |
Number of hours since the software most recently referred to the cache entry. |
Type |
Type of address (IPv4 or IPv6). |
Address(es) |
Address of the host. One host may have up to eight addresses. |
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Deletes entries from the host-name-and-address cache. |
|
Defines a list of default domain names to complete unqualified hostnames. |
|
Disables the IP DNS-based hostname-to-address translation. |
|
Defines a default domain name to complete unqualified hostnames (names without a dotted-decimal domain name). |
|
Specifies the address of one or more name servers to use for name and address resolution. |
To configure the address of the source device, use the source address command in the ipsla echo configuration mode. To restore the default, use the no form of this command.
source address address
no source address address
address |
IPv4/IPv6 address of the source device. |
None
ipsla echo configuration
Release | Modification |
---|---|
Release 4.3 |
This command was introduced. |
No specific guidelines impact the use of this command.
Task ID | Operation |
---|---|
monitor |
read, write |
This example shows how to configure 10.10.10.5 as the source address of a device.
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# ipsla RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla)# operation 500 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla-op)# type icmp echo RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla-echo)# timeout 5000 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-ipsla-echo)# source address 10.10.10.5
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Configures the address of the destination device |
To log in to a host that supports Telnet, use the telnet command in EXEC mode.
telnet [ vrf { vrf-name | default } ] { ip-address | host-name } [options]
vrf |
(Optional) Specifies a VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance |
vrf-name |
VRF name of the system to ping. |
default |
Specifies the default VRF instance. |
ip-address |
IP address of a specific host on a network. |
host-name |
Name of a specific host on a network. |
options |
(Optional) Telnet connection options. See Table 1for a list of supported options. |
Telnet client is in Telnet connection options nostream mode.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
If the Telnet server is enabled, you should be able to start a Telnet session as long as you have a valid username and password.
Option |
Description |
---|---|
/stream |
Turns on stream processing, which enables a raw TCP stream with no Telnet control sequences. A stream connection does not process Telnet options and can be appropriate for connections to ports running UNIX-to-UNIX copy program (UUCP) and other non-Telnet protocols. |
/nostream |
Turns off stream processing. |
port number |
Port number. Range is 0 to 65535. |
/source-interface |
Specifies source interface. |
To display a list of the available hosts, use the show hosts command. To display the status of all TCP connections, use the show tcp command.
The software assigns a logical name to each connection, and several commands use these names to identify connections. The logical name is the same as the hostname, unless that name is already in use or you change the connection name with the name-connection EXEC command. If the name is already in use, the software assigns a null name to the connection.
The Telnet software supports special Telnet commands in the form of Telnet sequences that map generic terminal control functions to operating system-specific functions. To issue a special Telnet command, enter the escape sequence and then a command character. The default escape sequence is Ctrl-^ (press and hold the Control and Shift keys and the 6 key). You can enter the command character as you hold down Ctrl or with Ctrl released; you can use either uppercase or lowercase letters. Table 2 lists the special Telnet escape sequences.
Escape Sequence1 |
Purpose |
---|---|
Ctrl-^ c |
Interrupt Process (IP). |
Ctrl-^ o |
Abort Output (AO). |
Ctrl-^ u |
Erase Line (EL). |
At any time during an active Telnet session, you can list the Telnet commands by pressing the escape sequence keys followed by a question mark at the system prompt:
ctrl-^?
A sample of this list follows. In this sample output, the first caret (^) symbol represents the Control key, and the second caret represents Shift-6 on your keyboard:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# ^^?
[Special telnet escape help]
^^B sends telnet BREAK
^^C sends telnet IP
^^H sends telnet EC
^^O sends telnet AO
^^T sends telnet AYT
^^U sends telnet EL
You can have several concurrent Telnet sessions open and switch among them. To open a subsequent session, first suspend the current connection by pressing the escape sequence (Ctrl-Shift-6 and then x [Ctrl^x] by default) to return to the system command prompt. Then open a new connection with the telnet command.
To terminate an active Telnet session, issue any of the following commands at the prompt of the device to which you are connecting:
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
basic-services |
read, write, execute |
The following example shows how to establish a Telnet session to a remote host named host1:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# telnet host1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
aaa authentication login default local |
Sets AAA authentication at login. For more information, see Cisco IOS XR System Management Command Reference for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router. |
Enables Telnet services on a networking device. |
|
terminal length |
Sets the number of lines on the current terminal screen for the current session. For more information, see Cisco IOS XR System Management Command Reference for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router. |
terminal width |
Sets the number of character columns on the terminal screen for the current session. For more information, see Cisco IOS XR System Management Command Reference for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router. |
To specify the source IP address for a Telnet connection, use the telnet client source-interface command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the telnet client source-interface command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
telnet { ipv4 | ipv6 } client source-interface type interface-path-id
no telnet client source-interface type interface-path-id
ipv4 |
Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
||
ipv6 |
Specifies IPv6 address prefixes. |
||
type |
Interface type. For more information, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
||
interface-path-id |
Physical interface or virtual interface.
For more information about the syntax for the router, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
The IP address of the best route to the destination is used as the source IP address.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was introduced. |
Use the telnet client source-interface command to set the IP address of an interface as the source for all Telnet connections.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ipv4 |
read, write |
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to set the IP address for Packet-over-SONET (POS) interface 1/0/2/1 as the source address for Telnet connections:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# telnet ipv4 client source-interface POS 1/0/2/1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Enables Telnet services on a networking device. |
To define the differentiated services code point (DSCP) value and IPv4 precedence to specifically set the quality-of-service (QoS) marking for Telnet traffic on a networking device, use the telnet dscp command in Global Configuration mode. To disable DSCP, use the no form of this command.
telnet [ vrf { vrf-name | default } ] ipv4 dscp dscp-value
no telnet [ vrf { vrf-name | default } ] ipv4 dscp dscp-value
vrf |
(Optional) Specifies a VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance. |
vrf-name |
(Optional) VRF name of the system to ping. |
default |
(Optional) Specifies the default VRF instance. |
ipv4 |
Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
dscp-value |
Value for DSCP. The range is from 0 to 63. The default value is 0. |
If DSCP is disabled or not configured, the following default values are listed:
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.5.0 |
This command was introduced. |
IPv4 is the supported protocol for defining a DSCP value for locally originated Telnet traffic.
DSCP can impact both server and client behavior of the specific VRF.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ipv4 |
read, write |
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to define the DSCP value and IPv4 precedence:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# telnet vrf default ipv4 dscp 40 RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# telnet vrf default ipv4 dscp 10
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Logs in to a host that supports Telnet. |
To enable Telnet services on a networking device, use the telnet server command in Global Configuration mode. To disable Telnet services, use the no form of this command.
telnet [ vrf { vrf-name | default } ] { ipv4 | ipv6 } server max-servers { no-limit | limit } [ access-list list-name ]
no telnet [ vrf { vrf-name | default } ] { ipv4 | ipv6 } server max-servers { no-limit | limit } [ access-list list-name ]
vrf |
(Optional) Specifies VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance. |
vrf-name |
(Optional) VRF name of the system to ping. |
default |
(Optional) Specifies the default VRF instance. |
ipv4 |
Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
ipv6 |
Specifies IPv6 address prefixes. |
max-servers |
Sets the number of allowable Telnet servers. |
no-limit |
Specifies that there is no maximum number of allowable Telnet servers. |
limit |
Specifies the maximum number of allowable Telnet servers. Range is 1 to 200. |
access-list |
(Optional) Specifies an access list. |
list-name |
(Optional) Access list name. |
Telnet services are disabled.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Release 3.4.0 |
The vrf and default keywords and vrf-name argument were added. |
Disable Telnet services to prevent inbound Telnet connections from being accepted into a networking device using the telnet command. After Telnet services are disabled, no new inbound connections are accepted, and the Cisco Internet services daemon (Cinetd) stops listening on the Telnet port.
Enable Telnet services by setting the max-servers keyword to a value of one or greater. This allows inbound Telnet connections into a networking device.
This command affects only inbound Telnet connections to a networking device. Outgoing Telnet connections can be made regardless of whether Telnet services are enabled.
Using the no form of the command disables the telnet connection and restores the system to its default condition.
Note | Before establishing communications with the router through a telnet session, configure the telnet server and vty-pool functions (see System Management Command Reference Guide, System Management Configuration Guide, and IP Addresses and Services Configuration Guide). |
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ipv4 |
read, write |
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to enable Telnet services for one server:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# telnet ipv4 server max-servers 1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Logs in to a host that supports Telnet. |
To send a Carriage Return (CR) as a CR-NULL rather than a Carriage Return-Line Feed (CR-LF) for virtual terminal sessions, use the telnet transparent command in line template submode. To remove the telnet transparent command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
telnet transparent
no telnet transparent
This command has no keywords or arguments.
No default behavior or values
Line console
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
The telnet transparent command is useful for coping with different interpretations of end-of-line handling in the Telnet protocol specification.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
tty-access |
read, write |
The following example shows how to configure the vty line to operate in Telnet transparent mode so that when the carriage return key is pressed the system sends the signal as a CR-NULL key combination rather than a CR-LF key combination:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# line console RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config-line)# telnet transparent
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Logs in to a host that supports Telnet. |
To specify the source IP address for a TFTP connection, use the tftp client source-interface command in Global Configuration mode. To remove the tftp client source-interface command from the configuration file and restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
tftp client source-interface type interface-path-id
no tftp client source-interface type interface-path-id
type |
Interface type. For more information, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
||
interface-path-id |
Physical interface or virtual interface.
For more information about the syntax for the router, use the question mark (?) online help function. |
The IP address of the best route to the destination is used as the source IP address.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Use the tftp client source-interface command to set the IP address of an interface as the source for all TFTP connections.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows how to set the IP address for Packet-over-SONET (POS) interface 1/0/2/1 as the source address for TFTP connections:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# tftp client source-interface POS 1/0/2/1
Command |
Description |
---|---|
Enables or disables the TFTP server or a feature running on the TFTP server. |
To enable or disable the TFTP server or a feature running on the TFTP server, use the tftp server command in Global Configuration mode. To restore the system to its default condition, use the no form of this command.
tftp { ipv4 | ipv6 } server homedir tftp-home-directory [ max-servers [ number | no-limit ] ] [ access-list name ]
no tftp { ipv4 | ipv6 } server homedir tftp-home-directory [ max-servers [ number | no-limit ] ] [ access-list name ]
ipv4 |
Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
ipv6 |
Specifies IPv6 address prefixes. |
homedir tftp-home-directory |
Specifies the home directory. |
max-servers number |
(Optional) Sets the maximum number of concurrent TFTP servers. The range is from 1 to 2147483647. |
max-servers no-limit |
(Optional) Sets no limit to process a number of allowable TFTP server. |
access-list name |
(Optional) Specifies the name of the access list associated with the TFTP server. |
The TFTP server is disabled by default. When not specified, the default value for the max-servers keyword is unlimited.
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Release 3.6.0 |
The no-limit keyword was added for the max-servers keyword. |
Using the no form of the tftp server command removes the specified command from the configuration file and restores the system to its default condition. The no form of the command is not stored in the configuration file.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
ipv4 |
read, write |
ip-services |
read, write |
The following example shows that the TFTP server is enabled for the access list named test:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# tftp ipv4 server access-list test homedir disk0
To discover the routes that packets actually take when traveling to their destination across an IP network, use the traceroute command in EXEC mode.
traceroute [ ipv4 | ipv6 | vrf vrf-name ] [ host-name | ip-address ] [ source ip-address-name ] [numeric] [ timeout seconds ] [ probe count ] [ minttl seconds ] [ maxttl seconds ] [ port number ] [ priority number ] [verbose]
ipv4 |
(Optional) Specifies IPv4 address prefixes. |
ipv6 |
(Optional) Specifies IPv6 address prefixes. |
vrf |
(Optional) Specifies VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance. |
vrf-name |
(Optional) VRF name of the system to ping. |
host-name |
(Optional) Hostname of system to use as the destination of the trace attempt. |
ip-address |
(Optional) Address of system to use as the destination of the trace attempt. |
source |
(Optional) Source address. |
ip-address-name |
(Optional) IP address A.B.C.D or hostname. |
numeric |
(Optional) Numeric display only. |
timeout seconds |
(Optional) Timeout value. Range is 0 to 3600. |
probe count |
(Optional) Probe count. Range is 0 to 65535. |
minttl seconds |
(Optional) Minimum time to live. Range is 0 to 255. |
maxttl seconds |
(Optional) Maximum time to live. Range is 0 to 255. |
port number |
(Optional) Port number. Range is 0 to 65535. |
priority number |
(Optional) Packet priority. Range is 0 to 15. Available when the ipv6 keyword is specified. |
verbose |
(Optional) Verbose output. |
No default behavior or values
Release |
Modification |
---|---|
Release 3.2 |
This command was supported. |
Release 3.3.0 |
The vrf keyword and vrf-name argument were added. |
The default value for the traceroute command refers only to the destination. No default value is available for the destination address.
The traceroute command works by taking advantage of the error messages generated by networking devices when a datagram exceeds its time-to-live (TTL) value.
The traceroute command starts by sending probe datagrams with a TTL value of 1, which causes the first networking device to discard the probe datagram and send back an error message. The traceroute command sends several probes at each TTL level and displays the round-trip time for each.
The traceroute command sends out one probe at a time. Each outgoing packet may result in one or two error messages. A “time-exceeded” error message indicates that an intermediate networking device has seen and discarded the probe. A “destination-unreachable” error message indicates that the destination node has received the probe and discarded it because it could not deliver the packet. If the timer goes off before a response comes in, the traceroute command prints an asterisk (*).
The traceroute command terminates when the destination responds, when the maximum TTL is exceeded, or when the user interrupts the trace with the escape sequence, which is, by default, Ctrl-C. Simultaneously press and release the Ctrl and C keys.
To use nondefault parameters and invoke an extended traceroute test, enter the command without a host-name or ip- address argument. You are stepped through a dialog to select the desired parameter values for the traceroute test.
Because of how IP is implemented on various networking devices, the IP traceroute command may behave in unexpected ways.
Not all destinations respond correctly to a probe message by sending back an “ICMP port unreachable” message. A long sequence of TTL levels with only asterisks, terminating only when the maximum TTL has been reached, may indicate this problem.
There is a known problem with the way some hosts handle an “ICMP TTL exceeded” message. Some hosts generate an “ICMP” message, but they reuse the TTL of the incoming packet. Because this value is zero, the ICMP packets do not succeed in returning. When you trace the path to such a host, you may see a set of TTL values with asterisks (*). Eventually the TTL is raised high enough that the “ICMP” message can get back. For example, if the host is six hops away, traceroute times out on responses 6 through 11.
Task ID |
Operations |
---|---|
basic-services |
read, write, execute |
The following output shows a sample traceroute session when a destination hostname has been specified:
RP/0/0/CPU0:router# traceroute host8-sun
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.0.73
1 192.168.1.6 (192.168.1.6) 10 msec 0 msec 10 msec
2 gateway01-gw.gateway.cisco.com (192.168.16.2) 0 msec 10 msec 0 msec
3 host8-sun.cisco.com (192.168.0.73) 10 msec * 0 msec
The following display shows a sample extended traceroute session when a destination hostname is not specified:
traceroute# traceroute
Protocol [ipv4]:
Target IP address: ena-view3
Source address: 10.0.58.29
Numeric display? [no]:
Timeout in seconds [3]:
Probe count [3]:
Minimum Time to Live [1]:
Maximum Time to Live [30]:
Port Number [33434]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 171.71.164.199
1 sjc-jpxlnock-vpn.cisco.com (10.25.0.1) 30 msec 4 msec 4 msec
2 15lab-vlan725-gx1.cisco.com (173.19.72.2) 7 msec 5 msec 5 msec
3 stc15-00lab-gw1.cisco.com (173.24.114.33) 5 msec 6 msec 6 msec
4 stc5-lab4-gw1.cisco.com (173.24.114.89) 5 msec 5 msec 5 msec
5 stc5-sbb4-gw1.cisco.com (172.71.241.162) 5 msec 6 msec 6 msec
6 stc5-dc5-gw1.cisco.com (172.71.241.10) 6 msec 6 msec 5 msec
7 stc5-dc1-gw1.cisco.com (172.71.243.2) 7 msec 8 msec 8 msec
8 ena-view3.cisco.com (172.71.164.199) 6 msec * 8 msec
Character |
Description |
---|---|
xx msec |
For each node, the round-trip time in milliseconds for the specified number of probes. |
* |
Probe time out. |
? |
Unknown packet type. |
A |
Administratively unreachable. This output usually indicates that an access list is blocking traffic. |
H |
Host unreachable. |
N |
Network unreachable. |
P |
Protocol unreachable. |
Q |
Source quench. |
U |
Port unreachable. |