簡介
本文檔介紹如何在運行NX-OS模式的Nexus交換機上使用MSDP配置任播RP。
必要條件
需求
建議您瞭解以下主題:
採用元件
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
本文檔中的資訊基於採用NXOS 9.3.9版的Cisco Nexus 9000。
背景資訊
儘管任播RP協定更常用於在同一路由域中的兩個或多個PIM路由器之間共用RP角色,也可以使用MSDP。
設定
網路圖表
注意:在上圖中,藍色鏈路標籤為第2層介面,紅色鏈路標籤為第3層介面。
在MSDP之前配置單播和組播
在配置MSDP之前,必須在所有第3層Nexus交換機(包括RP)上配置單播和組播。在本示例中,所有第3層介面上都配置了EIGRP,並且從源到接收方的ICMP ping成功。
預設情況下,第3層介面上配置了IGMP。但是,您必須在第3層介面上啟用PIM,並靜態配置您計畫在RP-1和RP-2上使用的rp地址:
FHR-1:
feature pim
ip pim rp-address 10.1.1.1 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
interface Vlan87
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/7
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/9
ip pim sparse-mode
FHR-2:
feature pim
ip pim rp-address 10.1.1.1 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
interface Vlan87
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/7
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/9
ip pim sparse-mode
RP-1:
feature pim
ip pim rp-address 10.1.1.1 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
interface loopback0
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/53
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/54
ip pim sparse-mode
RP-2:
feature pim
ip pim rp-address 10.1.1.1 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
interface loopback0
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/53
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/54
ip pim sparse-mode
LHR-1:
feature pim
ip pim rp-address 10.1.1.1 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
interface Vlan5
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/53
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/54
ip pim sparse-mode
LHR-2:
feature pim
ip pim rp-address 10.1.1.1 group-list 224.0.0.0/4
interface Vlan5
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/53
ip pim sparse-mode
interface Ethernet1/54
ip pim sparse-mode
在網路中的所有RP上配置MSDP對等
作為任播RP整合員的每個Nexus交換機必須配置為與所有其他Nexus交換機對等。在本示例中,RP-1和RP-2均配置為對等體:
RP-1:
feature msdp
ip msdp originator-id loopback1
ip msdp peer 10.1.1.3 connect-source loopback1
ip msdp mesh-group 10.1.1.3 rp-mesh
interface loopback0
description Anycast RP Address
ip address 10.1.1.1/32
ip router eigrp 1
ip pim sparse-mode
interface loopback1
description MSDP Originator ID
ip address 10.1.1.2/32
ip router eigrp 1
RP-2:
feature msdp
ip msdp originator-id loopback1
ip msdp peer 10.1.1.2 connect-source loopback1
ip msdp mesh-group 10.1.1.2 rp-mesh
interface loopback0
description Anycast RP Address
ip address 10.1.1.1/32
ip router eigrp 1
ip pim sparse-mode
interface loopback1
description MSDP Originator ID
ip address 10.1.1.3/32
ip router eigrp 1
注意:在本示例中,interface loopback1用於MSDP對等而不是PIM。因此,不需要在介面loopback1上配置ip pim sparse-mode。這就是說,在介面loopback1上啟用PIM稀疏模式沒有危害。
驗證
當您看到Connection State為Established時,MSDP對等已正確配置。您可以看到(S,G)s Received increase的計數器:
RP-1# show ip msdp summary
MSDP Peer Status Summary for VRF "default"
Local ASN: 0, originator-id: 10.1.1.2
Number of configured peers: 1
Number of established peers: 1
Number of shutdown peers: 0
Peer Peer Connection Uptime/ Last msg (S,G)s
Address ASN State Downtime Received Received
10.1.1.3 0 Established 01:33:54 never 1
註:如果網路中沒有組播,則(S,G)s Received的計數器保持為0。
疑難排解
MSDP對等處於偵聽狀態
show ip msdp summary命令指示Connection State處於Listening狀態:
RP-1# show ip msdp summary
MSDP Peer Status Summary for VRF "default"
Local ASN: 0, originator-id: 10.1.1.2
Number of configured peers: 1
Number of established peers: 0
Number of shutdown peers: 0
Peer Peer Connection Uptime/ Last msg (S,G)s
Address ASN State Downtime Received Received
10.1.1.3 0 Listening 00:03:27 never 0
此問題的可能原因如下:
- MSDP配置不正確。
- 連線故障導致MSDP對等無法相互通訊。
在本示例中,假定配置正確,則可以使用ethanalyzer排除10.1.1.2和10.1.1.3之間的潛在資料包丟失故障。
注意:請觀看如何在Nexus系列交換機上執行Ethanalyzer捕獲,瞭解有關Ethanalyzer的詳細資訊。
多點傳送(S、G)不共用
如果Connection State為Established但(S,G)s Received未增加,則可能是MSDP未正確配置。此行為最可能的原因是由於檢測到重複的rp地址而丟棄(S,G):
RP-1# show ip msdp event-history events | i looping
2023 Sep 22 12:13:15.106735 msdp [26860]: : Possible looping SA or duplicate RP address exists, RP 10.1.1.1, entry count: 1, length 20, message discarded
2023 Sep 22 12:10:10.314695 msdp [26860]: : Possible looping SA or duplicate RP address exists, RP 10.1.1.1, entry count: 1, length 20, message discarded
2023 Sep 22 12:09:08.352690 msdp [26860]: : Possible looping SA or duplicate RP address exists, RP 10.1.1.1, entry count: 1, length 20, message discarded
2023 Sep 22 12:08:06.688953 msdp [26860]: : Possible looping SA or duplicate RP address exists, RP 10.1.1.1, entry count: 1, length 20, message discarded
2023 Sep 22 12:07:04.403736 msdp [26860]: : Possible looping SA or duplicate RP address exists, RP 10.1.1.1, entry count: 1, length 20, message discarded
預設情況下,Nexus交換機配置為使用rp-address作為發起方ID。但是,這會導致每個MSDP對等使用相同的發起方ID,這會導致(S,G)被丟棄。
在本示例中,如果未配置建立者ID,則當來自環回0的rp地址10.1.1.1必須是唯一IP才能使任播RP正常工作時,會將其用作建立者ID:
RP-1:
feature msdp
ip msdp peer 10.1.1.3 connect-source loopback1
ip msdp mesh-group 10.1.1.3 rp-mesh
interface loopback0
description Anycast RP Address
ip address 10.1.1.1/32
ip router eigrp 1
ip pim sparse-mode
interface loopback1
description MSDP Originator ID
ip address 10.1.1.2/32
ip router eigrp 1
RP-2:
feature msdp
ip msdp peer 10.1.1.2 connect-source loopback1
ip msdp mesh-group 10.1.1.2 rp-mesh
interface loopback0
description Anycast RP Address
ip address 10.1.1.1/32
ip router eigrp 1
ip pim sparse-mode
interface loopback1
description MSDP Originator ID
ip address 10.1.1.3/32
ip router eigrp
MSDP summary show命令中確認了originator-id:
RP-1# show ip msdp summary
MSDP Peer Status Summary for VRF "default"
Local ASN: 0, originator-id: 10.1.1.1 <--- rp-address from loopback0 is used for the originator-id
Number of configured peers: 1
Number of established peers: 0
Number of shutdown peers: 0
Peer Peer Connection Uptime/ Last msg (S,G)s
Address ASN State Downtime Received Received
10.1.1.3 0 Established 01:33:54 never 0
RP-2# show ip msdp summary
MSDP Peer Status Summary for VRF "default"
Local ASN: 0, originator-id: 10.1.1.1 <--- rp-address from loopback0 is used for the originator-id
Number of configured peers: 1
Number of established peers: 0
Number of shutdown peers: 0
Peer Peer Connection Uptime/ Last msg (S,G)s
Address ASN State Downtime Received Received
10.1.1.2 0 Established 01:33:54 never 0
注意:如果使用MSDP在rp-address通常不同的BGP自治系統(AS)之間對等,則可以使用預設的originator-id。但是,如果將MSDP用於任意播RP,則發起方ID在每個MSDP對等體上必須是唯一的。
要解決此問題,必須在兩個MSDP對等體上配置ip msdp originator-id loopback1,以確保使用唯一的originator-id。
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