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This module describes how to implement keychain management on. Keychain management is a common method of authentication to configure shared secrets on all entities that exchange secrets such as keys, before establishing trust with each other. Routing protocols and network management applications on Cisco IOS XR software often use authentication to enhance security while communicating with peers.
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Release |
Modification |
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Release 3.3.0 |
This feature was introduced. |
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Release 3.4.0 |
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Release 3.5.0 |
Support for hitless key rollover for Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) was added. |
You must be in a user group associated with a task group that includes the proper task IDs. The command reference guides include the task IDs required for each command. If you suspect user group assignment is preventing you from using a command, contact your AAA administrator for assistance.
You must be aware that changing the system clock impacts the validity of the keys in the existing configuration.
The keychain by itself has no relevance; therefore, it must be used by an application that needs to communicate by using the keys (for authentication) with its peers. The keychain provides a secure mechanism to handle the keys and rollover based on the lifetime. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) use the keychain to implement a hitless key rollover for authentication. BGP uses TCP authentication, which enables the authentication option and sends the Message Authentication Code (MAC) based on the cryptographic algorithm configured for the keychain. For information about BGP, OSPF, and IS-IS keychain configurations, see Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco CRS Routers
To implement keychain management, you must understand the concept of key lifetime, which is explained in the next section.
If you are using keys as the security method, you must specify the lifetime for the keys and change the keys on a regular basis when they expire. To maintain stability, each party must be able to store and use more than one key for an application at the same time. A keychain is a sequence of keys that are collectively managed for authenticating the same peer, peer group, or both.
Keychain management groups a sequence of keys together under a keychain and associates each key in the keychain with a lifetime.
 Note |
Any key that is configured without a lifetime is considered invalid; therefore, the key is rejected during configuration. |
The lifetime of a key is defined by the following options:
Start-time—Specifies the absolute time.
End-time—Specifies the absolute time that is relative to the start-time or infinite time.
Each key definition within the keychain must specify a time interval for which that key is activated; for example, lifetime. Then, during a given key's lifetime, routing update packets are sent with this activated key. Keys cannot be used during time periods for which they are not activated. Therefore, we recommend that for a given keychain, key activation times overlap to avoid any period of time for which no key is activated. If a time period occurs during which no key is activated, neighbor authentication cannot occur; therefore, routing updates can fail.
Multiple keychains can be specified.
This section contains the following procedures:
This task configures a name for the keychain.
You can create or modify the name of the keychain.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
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| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a name for the keychain.
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| Step 3 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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| Step 4 |
show key chain key-chain-name Example: |
(Optional) Displays the name of the keychain.
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After completing keychain configuration, see the Configuring a Tolerance Specification to Accept Keys section.
This task configures the tolerance specification to accept keys for a keychain to facilitate a hitless key rollover for applications, such as routing and management protocols.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a name for the keychain. |
| Step 3 |
accept-tolerance value [infinite] Example: |
Configures a tolerance value to accept keys for the keychain.
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| Step 4 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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This task configures a key identifier for the keychain.
You can create or modify the key for the keychain.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a name for the keychain. |
| Step 3 |
key key-id Example: |
Creates a key for the keychain. The key ID number is translated from decimal to hexadecimal to create the command mode subprompt.
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| Step 4 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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After configuring a key identifier for the keychain, see the Configuring the Text for the Key String section.
This task configures the text for the key string.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a name for the keychain. |
| Step 3 |
key key-id Example: |
Creates a key for the keychain. |
| Step 4 |
key-string [clear | password] key-string-text Example: |
Specifies the text string for the key.
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| Step 5 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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After configuring the text for the key string, see the Configuring the Keys to Generate Authentication Digest for the Outbound Application Traffic section.
This task determines the valid keys for local applications to authenticate the remote peers.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a a name for the keychain. |
| Step 3 |
key key-id Example: |
Creates a key for the keychain. |
| Step 4 |
accept-lifetime start-time [duration duration-value | infinite | end-time] Example: |
(Optional) Specifies the validity of the key lifetime in terms of clock time. |
| Step 5 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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This task configures the keys to generate authentication digest for the outbound application traffic.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a name for the keychain. |
| Step 3 |
key key-id Example: |
Creates a key for the keychain. |
| Step 4 |
send-lifetime start-time [duration duration-value | infinite | end-time] Example: |
(Optional) Specifies the set time period during which an authentication key on a keychain is valid to be sent. You can specify the validity of the key lifetime in terms of clock time. In addition, you can specify a start-time value and one of the following values:
If you intend to set lifetimes on keys, Network Time Protocol (NTP) or some other time synchronization method is recommended. |
| Step 5 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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This task allows the key chain configuration to accept the choice of the cryptographic algorithm.
From Cisco IOS XR Software Release 6.7.2 and later, you must follow the below guidelines while configuring the key chain. These are applicable only for FIPS mode (that is, when crypto fips-mode is configured).
You must configure the session with a FIPS-approved cryptographic algorithm. A session configured with non-approved cryptographic algorithm for FIPS (such as, MD5 and HMAC-MD5 ) does not work. This is applicable for OSPF, BGP, RSVP, ISIS, or any application using key chain with non-approved cryptographic algorithm.
If you are using any HMAC-SHA algorithm for a session, then you must ensure that the configured key-string has a minimum length of 14 characters. Otherwise, the session goes down.
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
configure Example: |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 2 |
key chain key-chain-name Example: |
Creates a name for the keychain. |
| Step 3 |
key key-id Example: |
Creates a key for the keychain. |
| Step 4 |
cryptographic-algorithm [HMAC-MD5 | HMAC-SHA1-12 | HMAC-SHA1-20 | MD5 | SHA-1 | AES-128-CMAC-96 | HMAC-SHA-256 | HMAC-SHA1-96] Example: |
Specifies the choice of the cryptographic algorithm. You can choose from the following list of algorithms:
The routing protocols each support a different set of cryptographic algorithms:
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| Step 5 |
Use the commit or end command. |
commit —Saves the configuration changes and remains within the configuration session.
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This section provides the following configuration example:
The following example shows how to configure keychain management:
configure
key chain isis-keys
accept-tolerance infinite
key 8
key-string mykey91abcd
cryptographic-algorithm MD5
send-lifetime 1:00:00 june 29 2006 infinite
accept-lifetime 1:00:00 june 29 2006 infinite
end
Uncommitted changes found, commit them? [yes]: yes
show key chain isis-keys
Key-chain: isis-keys/ -
accept-tolerance -- infinite
Key 8 -- text "1104000E120B520005282820"
cryptographic-algorithm -- MD5
Send lifetime: 01:00:00, 29 Jun 2006 - Always valid [Valid now]
Accept lifetime: 01:00:00, 29 Jun 2006 - Always valid [Valid now]
The following sections provide references related to implementing keychain management.
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Related Topic |
Document Title |
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Keychain management commands: complete command syntax, command modes, command history, defaults, usage guidelines, and examples |
Keychain Management Commands in the System Security Command Reference for Cisco CRS Routers |
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Standards |
Title |
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No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature. |
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MIBs |
MIBs Link |
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To locate and download MIBs using Cisco IOS XR software, use the Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL and choose a platform under the Cisco Access Products menu: http://cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml |
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RFCs |
Title |
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No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature. |
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Description |
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