- Information About IGMP Snooping
- Licensing Requirements for IGMP Snooping
- Prerequisites for IGMP Snooping
- Default Settings
- Configuring IGMP Snooping
- Configuring IGMP Snooping Parameters
- Verifying the IGMP Snooping Configuration
- Setting Interval for Multicast Routes
- Displaying IGMP Snooping Statistics
- Configuration Examples for IGMP Snooping
- Where to Go Next
- Field Descriptions for Configuring IGMP Snooping
- Additional References
- Feature History for IGMP Snooping
- Feature History for IGMP Snooping in GUI
Configuring IGMP Snooping
Note The Cisco NX-OS release that is running on a managed device may not support all the features or settings described in this chapter. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the documentation and release notes for your platform and software release.
This chapter describes how to configure Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping on a Cisco NX-OS switch.
This chapter includes the following sections:
- Information About IGMP Snooping
- Licensing Requirements for IGMP Snooping
- Default Settings
- Configuring IGMP Snooping
- Configuring IGMP Snooping Parameters
- Verifying the IGMP Snooping Configuration
- Setting Interval for Multicast Routes
- Displaying IGMP Snooping Statistics
- Configuration Examples for IGMP Snooping
- Where to Go Next
- Field Descriptions for Configuring IGMP Snooping
- Additional References
- Feature History for IGMP Snooping
Information About IGMP Snooping
Note We recommend that you do not disable IGMP snooping on the switch. If you disable IGMP snooping, you may see reduced multicast performance because of excessive false flooding within the switch.
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping software examines Layer 2 IP multicast traffic within a VLAN to discover the ports where interested receivers reside. Using the port information, IGMP snooping can reduce bandwidth consumption in a multi-access LAN environment to avoid flooding the entire VLAN. The IGMP snooping feature tracks which ports are attached to multicast-capable routers to help the routers forward IGMP membership reports. The IGMP snooping software responds to topology change notifications. By default, IGMP snooping is enabled on the switch.
Figure 4-1 shows an IGMP snooping switch that sits between the host and the IGMP router. The IGMP snooping switch snoops the IGMP membership reports and Leave messages and forwards them only when necessary to the connected IGMP routers.
Figure 4-1 IGMP Snooping Switch
The IGMP snooping software operates upon IGMPv1, IGMPv2, and IGMPv3 control plane packets where Layer 3 control plane packets are intercepted and influence the Layer 2 forwarding behavior.
For more information about IGMP, see Chapter2, “Configuring IGMP”
The Cisco NX-OS IGMP snooping software has the following proprietary features:
- Source filtering that allows forwarding of multicast packets based on destination and source IP.
- Multicast forwarding based on IP address rather than MAC address.
- Optimized multicast flooding (OMF) that forwards unknown traffic to routers only and performs no data driven state creation.
For more information about IGMP snooping, see RFC 4541 .
This section includes the following topics:
IGMPv1 and IGMPv2
Both IGMPv1 and IGMPv2 support membership report suppression, which means that if two hosts on the same subnet want to receive multicast data for the same group, then the host that receives a member report from the other host suppresses sending its report. Membership report suppression occurs for hosts that share a port.
If no more than one host is attached to each VLAN switch port, then you can configure the fast leave feature in IGMPv2. The fast leave feature does not send last member query messages to hosts. As soon as the software receives an IGMP leave message, the software stops forwarding multicast data to that port.
IGMPv1 does not provide an explicit IGMP leave message, so the software must rely on the membership message timeout to indicate that no hosts remain that want to receive multicast data for a particular group.
Note The software ignores the configuration of the last member query interval when you enable the fast leave feature because it does not check for remaining hosts.
IGMPv3
The IGMPv3 snooping implementation on Cisco NX-OS supports full IGMPv3 snooping, which provides constrained flooding based on the (S, G) information in the IGMPv3 reports. This source-based filtering enables the switch to constrain multicast traffic to a set of ports based on the source that sends traffic to the multicast group.
By default, the software tracks hosts on each VLAN port. The explicit tracking feature provides a fast leave mechanism. Because every IGMPv3 host sends membership reports, report suppression limits the amount of traffic that the switch sends to other multicast-capable routers. When report suppression is enabled, and no IGMPv1 or IGMPv2 hosts requested the same group, the software provides proxy reporting. The proxy feature builds the group state from membership reports from the downstream hosts and generates membership reports in response to queries from upstream queriers.
Even though the IGMPv3 membership reports provide a full accounting of group members on a LAN segment, when the last host leaves, the software sends a membership query. You can configure the parameter last member query interval. If no host responds before the timeout, the software removes the group state.
IGMP Snooping Querier
When PIM is not enabled on an interface because the multicast traffic does not need to be routed, you must configure an IGMP snooping querier to send membership queries. You define the querier in a VLAN that contains multicast sources and receivers but no other active querier.
When an IGMP snooping querier is enabled, it sends out periodic IGMP queries that trigger IGMP report messages from hosts that want to receive IP multicast traffic. IGMP snooping listens to these IGMP reports to establish appropriate forwarding.
Currently, you can configure the same SVI IP address for the switch querier and the IGMP snooping querier. Both queriers will then be active at the same time, and both queriers will send general queries to the VLAN periodically. To prevent this from happening, ensure that you use different IP addresses for the IGMP snooping querier and the switch querier.
IGMP Filtering on Router Ports
IGMP filtering allows users to configure a router port on the switch that leads the switch to a Layer 3 multicast switch. The switch stores all manually configured static router ports in its router port list.
When an IGMP packet is received, the switch forwards the traffic through the router port in the VLAN. The switch recognizes a port as a router port through the PIM hello message or the IGMP query received by the switch.
IGMP Snooping with VRFs
You can define multiple virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances. An IGMP process supports all VRFs.
You can use the show commands with a VRF argument to provide a context for the information displayed. The default VRF is used if no VRF argument is supplied.
For information about configuring VRFs, see the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide.
Licensing Requirements for IGMP Snooping
The following table shows the licensing requirements for this feature:
Configuring IGMP Snooping
You configure IGMP snooping globally or per VLAN on the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series devices using the IGMP Snooping pane. You can also view the IGMP snooping status per VLAN.
Note If IGMP Snooping is disabled for the device and enabled for specified VLANs, the functionality is disabled for the VLAN as well.
However, if IGMP Snooping is disabled for the VLAN and enabled for the device, the functionality remains disabled for the VLAN.
Report Suppression and IGMPv3 Report Suppression function the same way.
This section contains the following sections:
- Configuring IGMP Snooping Global Parameters
- Configuring IGMP Snooping Parameters per VLAN
- Viewing IGMP Snooping Status per VLAN
DETAILED STEPS
To set the IGMP snooping parameters for the entire device, follow these steps:
Step 1 From the Feature Selector pane, choose Switching > Multicast > IGMP Snooping to open the IGMP Snooping pane.
Step 2 In the Summary pane, click the device to set the IGMP snooping globally for the entire device.
Step 3 In the Details pane, click the Device Details tab.
Step 4 From the IGMP Snooping drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
IGMP Snooping is enabled by default.
Step 5 From the Report Suppression drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
Report Suppression is enabled by default.
Step 6 From the IGMPv3 Report Suppression drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
IGMPv3 Report Suppression is disabled by default globally for the entire device.
Step 7 From the Link-local Group Suppression drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
Link-Local Group Suppression is enabled by default.
Step 8 In the Event History Buffer Settings area, from the drop-down lists, choose disabled , small , medium , or large for each of the following:
The default buffer sizes for vPC, IGMP Snoop Internal, MFDM-Sum, and MFDM are small. The default buffer sizes for VLAN and VLAN Events are medium.
Step 9 (Optional) From the menu bar, choose File > Deploy to apply your changes to the device.
DETAILED STEPS
To set the IGMP snooping parameters per VLAN, follow these steps:
Step 1 From the Feature Selector pane, choose Switching > Multicast > IGMP Snooping to open the IGMP Snooping pane.
Step 2 In the Summary pane, click the device that has the VLANs for which you want to configure IGMP snooping.
Step 3 Click the VLAN for which you want to configure IGMP Snooping.
Step 4 In the Details pane, click the Details tab.
The VLAN ID box displays the VLAN number that you are working on.
Step 5 From the IGMP Snooping drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
IGMP Snooping is enabled per VLAN by default.
Step 6 From the Report Suppression drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
Report Suppression is enabled per VLAN by default.
Step 7 From the IGMPv3 Report Suppression drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
IGMPv3 Report Suppression is enabled per VLAN by default. Once you enable IGMPv3 Report Suppression for the entire device, you do not have to enable that feature for each VLAN.
Step 8 From the Link-local Group Suppression drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
Link-Local Group Suppression is enabled per VLAN by default.
Step 9 From the Fast Leave drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
Fast Leave is disabled per VLAN by default.
Step 10 From the Explicit Tracking drop-down list, choose Enabled or Disabled .
Explicit tracking is enabled per VLAN by default.
Step 11 Enter the number of seconds that you want in the Last Member Query Interval field.
The default value for Last Member Query Interval is 1 second for each VLAN, and the maximum value is 25 seconds.
Step 12 (Optional) Enter the IP address for IGMP snooping querier for the switch.
Step 13 (Optional) Right-click in the Static Multicast Group area and choose Add Row or Delete .
a. Click Delete to delete a static multicast group.
b. (Optional) To add a static multicast group, enter the IP address of the multicast source in the Source Address field, the IP address of the multicast group in the Group Address field, and the interface joining the group in the Interface field.
Note Ethernet and port channel are the supported interfaces for this field.
Step 14 (Optional) Right-click in the Static Multicast Router area and choose Add Row or Delete .
a. Click Delete to delete an interface to a static multicast router.
b. To add an interface to the static multicast router, choose the interface from the drop-down list in the Interface field and click OK .
Note Ethernet and port channel are the supported interfaces for this field.
Step 15 (Optional) From the menu bar, choose File > Deploy to apply your changes to the device.
Viewing IGMP Snooping Status per VLAN
To view the status of the IGMP multicast groups, the IGMP multicast routers, the IGMP snooping explicit tracking feature, and the IGMP snooping querier, follow these steps:
Step 1 From the Feature Selector pane, choose Switching > Multicast > IGMP Snooping to open the IGMP Snooping pane.
Step 2 In the Summary pane, click the device that has the VLANs for which you want to configure IGMP snooping.
Step 3 Click the VLAN for which you want to configure IGMP Snooping.
Step 4 In the Details pane, click the Status tab.
Step 5 Click the Multicast Groups section.
The section expands to allow you to Refresh the display and displays the following information for each multicast group discovered using IGMP snooping: Group Address, Source Address, IGMP Version, the Type of multicast group, and the Interfaces that have shown interest in this multicast group.
Step 6 Click the Multicast Routers section.
The section expands to allow you to Refresh the display and displays the following information for each multicast router: Interface connected to the multicast router, Type, Up Time for the entry, and Expiry Time for the entry.
Step 7 Click the Explicit Tracking section.
The section expands to allow you to Refresh the display and displays the following explicit tracking information for each VLAN: Source Address for the multicast traffic, multicast Group Address, Interface that has shown interest in the multicast traffic, Reporter Address of the host machine that has shown interest in the multicast traffic, Up Time for the entry, Last Join Time, and Expiry Time for the entry.
Step 8 Click the Querier section.
The section expands to allow you to Refresh the display and displays the following IGMP snooping information for each VLAN: IP Address of the querier, IGMP Version, Expiry Time for the entry, and Interface on which the querier is discovered.
Configuring IGMP Snooping Parameters
To affect the operation of the IGMP snooping process, you can configure the optional IGMP snooping parameters described in Table 4-2 .
SUMMARY STEPS
4.
ip igmp snooping
ip igmp snooping explicit-tracking
ip igmp snooping fast-leave
ip igmp snooping last-member-query-interval
seconds
ip igmp snooping querier
ip-address
ip igmp snooping report-suppression
ip igmp snooping mrouter interface
interface
ip igmp snooping static-group
group-ip-addr
[
source
source-ip-addr
]
interface
interface
ip igmp snooping link-local-groups-suppression
ip igmp snooping v3-report-suppression
(Optional)
copy running-config startup-config
DETAILED STEPS
Verifying the IGMP Snooping Configuration
To display the IGMP snooping configuration information, perform one of the following tasks:
show ip igmp snooping groups [ source [ group ] | group [ source ]] [ vlan vlan-id ] [ detail ] |
|
Displays IGMP snooping explicit tracking information by VLAN. |
For detailed information about the fields in the output from these commands, see the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Command Reference, .
Setting Interval for Multicast Routes
When the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series switch has high multicast route creation or deletion rates (for example, too many IGMP join or leave requests), the switch cannot program the multicast routes into the hardware as fast as the requests are made. To resolve this problem, you can now configure an interval after which multicast routes are programmed into the hardware.
When you have very low multicast route creations or deletions per second, configure a low interval (up to 50 milliseconds). A low interval enables the hardware to be programmed faster than it would be by using the default interval of 1 second.
When you have very high multicast route creations or deletions per second, configure a high interval (up to 2 seconds). A high interval enables the hardware to be programmed over a longer period of time without dropping the requests.
To set the interval for multicast routes to be programmed into the hardware, use the hardware profile multicast soak-interval command. The soak interval is the interval after which the multicast routes are programmed into the hardware. The range is from 50 milliseconds to 2 seconds. The default value of this interval is 1 second. Use a lower interval for low multicast route creation or deletion requests per second. A lower interval enables the multicast routes to be programmed faster when the rate of multicast creations requests is low. When the number of multicast route creation requests is high, you can use a higher interval to stagger the programming of these routes into the hardware.
This example shows how to set the interval for multicast routes to be programmed into the hardware to 2 seconds:
Displaying IGMP Snooping Statistics
You can select and display various statistics for the entire device in the following categories:
You can select and display various statistics per VLAN in the following categories:
Use the show ip igmp snooping statistics vlan command to display IGMP snooping statistics.
Use the clear ip igmp snooping statistics vlan command to clear IGMP snooping statistics.
For detailed information about using these commands, see the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Command Reference, .
Configuration Examples for IGMP Snooping
This example shows how to configure the IGMP snooping parameters:
Field Descriptions for Configuring IGMP Snooping
This section describes the fields shown on the IGMP Snooping pane and includes the following:
Device: Device Details Tab
VLANs: Details Tab
VLANs: Status Tab
Additional References
For additional information related to implementing IGMP snooping, see the following sections:
Feature History for IGMP Snooping
Table 4-6 lists the release history for this feature.