- Title Page
- Introduction & Preface
- Logging into the FireSIGHT System
- Using Objects and Security Zones
- Managing Devices
- Setting Up an IPS Device
- Setting Up Virtual Switches
- Setting Up Virtual Routers
- Setting Up Aggregate Interfaces
- Setting Up Hybrid Interfaces
- Using Gateway VPNs
- Using NAT Policies
- Getting Started with Access Control Policies
- Blacklisting Using Security Intelligence IP Address Reputation
- Tuning Traffic Flow Using Access Control Rules
- Controlling Traffic with Network-Based Rules
- Controlling Traffic with Reputation-Based Rules
- Controlling Traffic Based on Users
- Controlling Traffic Using Intrusion and File Policies
- Understanding Traffic Decryption
- Getting Started with SSL Policies
- Getting Started with SSL Rules
- Tuning Traffic Decryption Using SSL Rules
- Understanding Intrusion and Network Analysis Policies
- Using Layers in Intrusion and Network Analysis Policies
- Customizing Traffic Preprocessing
- Getting Started with Network Analysis Policies
- Using Application Layer Preprocessors
- Configuring SCADA Preprocessing
- Configuring Transport & Network Layer Preprocessing
- Tuning Preprocessing in Passive Deployments
- Getting Started with Intrusion Policies
- Tuning Intrusion Rules
- Tailoring Intrusion Protection to Your Network Assets
- Detecting Specific Threats
- Limiting Intrusion Event Logging
- Understanding and Writing Intrusion Rules
- Blocking Malware and Prohibited Files
- Logging Connections in Network Traffic
- Working with Connection & Security Intelligence Data
- Analyzing Malware and File Activity
- Working with Intrusion Events
- Handling Incidents
- Configuring External Alerting
- Configuring External Alerting for Intrusion Rules
- Introduction to Network Discovery
- Enhancing Network Discovery
- Configuring Active Scanning
- Using the Network Map
- Using Host Profiles
- Working with Discovery Events
- Configuring Correlation Policies and Rules
- Using the FireSIGHT System as a Compliance Tool
- Creating Traffic Profiles
- Configuring Remediations
- Using Dashboards
- Using the Context Explorer
- Working with Reports
- Understanding and Using Workflows
- Using Custom Tables
- Searching for Events
- Managing Users
- Scheduling Tasks
- Managing System Policies
- Configuring Appliance Settings
- Licensing the FireSIGHT System
- Updating System Software
- Monitoring the System
- Using Health Monitoring
- Auditing the System
- Using Backup and Restore
- Specifying User Preferences
- Importing and Exporting Configurations
- Purging Discovery Data from the Database
- Viewing the Status of Long-Running Tasks
- Command Line Reference
- Security, Internet Access, and Communication Ports
- Third-Party Products
- glossary
Getting Started with SSL Policies
An SSL policy determines how the system handles encrypted traffic on your network. You can configure one or more SSL policies. You associate an SSL policy with an access control policy, then apply the access control policy to a managed device. When the device detects a TCP handshake, the access control policy first handles and inspects the traffic. If it subsequently identifies an SSL-encrypted session over the TCP connection, the SSL policy takes over, handling and decrypting the encrypted traffic. You can have one SSL policy currently applied to a Series 3 device.
The simplest SSL policy, as shown in the following diagram, directs the device where it is applied to handle encrypted traffic with a single default action. You can set the default action to block decryptable traffic without further inspection, or inspect undecrypted decryptable traffic with access control. The system can then either allow or block the encrypted traffic. If the device detects undecryptable traffic, it either blocks the traffic without further inspection or does not decrypt it, inspecting it with access control.
This chapter explains how to create and apply a simple SSL policy. It also contains basic information on managing SSL policies: editing, updating, comparing, and so on. For more information, see:
- Creating a Basic SSL Policy
- Editing an SSL Policy
- Applying Decryption Settings Using Access Control
- Generating a Report of Current Traffic Decryption Settings
- Comparing SSL Policies
A more complex SSL policy can handle different types of undecryptable traffic with different actions, control traffic based on whether a certificate authority (CA) issued or trusts the encryption certificate, and use SSL rules to exert granular control over encrypted traffic logging and handling. These rules can be simple or complex, matching and inspecting encrypted traffic using multiple criteria. After you create a basic SSL policy, see the following chapters for more information on tailoring it to your deployment:
- Managing Reusable Objects describes how to configure reusable public key infrastructure (PKI) objects and other SSL inspection-related objects to enhance encrypted traffic control and decrypt traffic.
- Logging Connections in Network Traffic describes how to configure logging for encrypted traffic, whether decryptable or undecryptable.
- Applying Decryption Settings Using Access Control describes how to associate an SSL policy with an access control policy.
- Getting Started with Access Control Policies describes how to apply an access control policy to a device.
- Tuning Traffic Flow Using Access Control Rules describes how to configure access control rules to inspect decrypted traffic.
- Getting Started with SSL Rules describes how to configure SSL rules to handle and log encrypted traffic.
- Tuning Traffic Decryption Using SSL Rules describes how to configure SSL rule conditions to better match specific encrypted traffic.
Creating a Basic SSL Policy
When you create a new SSL policy you must, at minimum, give it a unique name and specify a policy default action. You have the following options when selecting a default action for a new policy:
- Do not decrypt creates a policy with the Do not decrypt default action.
- Block creates a policy with the Block default action.
- Block with reset creates a policy with the Block with reset default action.
After you create the SSL policy, you can modify the default action. For guidance on choosing a default action, see Setting Default Handling and Inspection for Encrypted Traffic.
The new SSL policy also contains default actions for traffic the system cannot decrypt: either it inherits the default action you just selected for undecryptable traffic, blocks it, or does not decrypt the traffic and inspects it with access control. You can modify the undecryptable traffic actions after you create the SSL policy. For guidance on selecting undecryptable traffic actions, see Setting Default Handling for Undecryptable Traffic
On the SSL policy page ( Policies > SSL ) you can view all your current SSL policies by name with optional description. Options on this page allow you to compare policies, create a new policy, copy a policy, view a report that lists all of the most recently saved settings in each policy, edit a policy, or delete a policy.
Tip You can export SSL policies to, and import SSL policies from, other Defense Centers in your deployment. See Importing and Exporting Configurations for more information.
The following table describes the actions you can take to manage your policies on the SSL Policy page:
click New Policy . See Creating a Basic SSL Policy for more information. |
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click the edit icon ( |
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click Compare Policies . See Comparing SSL Policies for more information. |
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click the copy icon ( |
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view a PDF report that lists the current configuration settings in an SSL policy |
click the report icon ( |
click the delete icon ( |
). See 
). See 
), then click
OK
. When prompted whether to continue, you are also informed if another user has unsaved changes in the policy.Access: Admin/Access Admin/Network Admin
Step 1 Select Policies > SSL .
The New SSL Policy pop-up window appears.
Step 3 Give the policy a unique Name and, optionally, a Description .
You can use all printable characters, including spaces and special characters.
Step 4 Specify the Default Action .
Note that you can modify your selected default action after you create your SSL policy. See Setting Default Handling and Inspection for Encrypted Traffic for more information.
The SSL Policy Editor page appears. See Editing an SSL Policy for more information.
Setting Default Handling and Inspection for Encrypted Traffic
The default action for an SSL policy determines how the system handles decryptable encrypted traffic that does not match any non-Monitor rule in the policy. When you apply an SSL policy that does not contain any SSL rules, the default action determines how all decryptable traffic on your network is handled. See Setting Default Handling for Undecryptable Traffic for more information on how the system handles undecryptable encrypted traffic.
The following table lists the default actions you can choose, as well as their effect on encrypted traffic. Note that the system does not perform any kind of inspection on encrypted traffic blocked by the default action.
When you first create an SSL policy, logging connections that are handled by the default action is disabled by default. You can change this, as well as the default action itself, after you create the policy.
The following procedure explains how to set the default action for an SSL policy while editing the policy. See Editing an SSL Policy for the complete procedure for editing an SSL policy.
To set the default action of an SSL policy:
Access: Admin/Access Admin/Network Admin
Step 1 Select Policies > SSL .
Step 2 Click the edit icon (
) next to the SSL policy you want to configure.
The SSL policy editor appears.
Step 3 Select a Default Action . See the SSL Policy Default Actions table for more information.
Step 4 Configure logging options for the default action as described in Logging Decryptable Connections with SSL Rules.
The SSL Policy Editor page appears. See Editing an SSL Policy for more information.
Setting Default Handling for Undecryptable Traffic
You can set undecryptable traffic actions at the SSL policy level to handle certain types of encrypted traffic the system cannot decrypt or inspect. When you apply an SSL policy that does not contain any SSL rules, the undecryptable traffic actions determine how all undecryptable encrypted traffic on your network is handled.
Depending on the type of undecryptable traffic, you can choose to:
- block the connection
- block the connection, then reset it
- inspect the encrypted traffic with access control
- inherit the default action from the SSL policy
The following table describes the undecryptable traffic types:
When you first create an SSL policy, logging connections that are handled by the default action is disabled by default. Because the logging settings for the default action also apply to undecryptable traffic handling, logging connections handled by the undecryptable traffic actions is disabled by default. For more information on configuring default logging, see Logging Decryptable Connections with SSL Rules.
Note The system cannot decrypt traffic if an HTTP proxy is positioned between a client and your managed device, and the client and server establish a tunneled SSL connection using the CONNECT HTTP method. The Handshake Errors undecryptable action determines how the system handles this traffic. See Decrypt Actions: Decrypting Traffic for Further Inspection for more information.
Note that if your browser uses certificate pinning to verify a server certificate, you cannot decrypt this traffic by re-signing the server certificate. Because you can still inspect this traffic with access control, it is not handled by the undecryptable traffic actions. If you want to allow this traffic, configure an SSL rule with the Do not decrypt action to match the server certificate common name or distinguished name.
To set the default handling for undecryptable traffic:
Access: Admin/Access Admin/Network Admin
Step 1 Select Policies > SSL .
Step 2 Click the edit icon (
) next to the SSL policy you want to configure.
The SSL policy editor appears.
Step 3 Select the Undecryptable Actions tab.
The Undecryptable Actions tab appears.
Step 4 For each field, select the action you want to take on the type of undecryptable traffic, or if you want to apply the SSL policy’s default action. See the SSL Policy Default Actions table for more information.
Step 5 Click Save to save your changes.
You must apply the associated access control policy for your changes to take effect; see Applying an Access Control Policy.
Editing an SSL Policy
On the SSL policy editor, you can configure your policy and organize SSL rules. To configure an SSL policy, you must give the policy a unique name and specify a default action. You can also:
- add, edit, delete, enable, and disable SSL rules
- add trusted CA certificates
- determine the handling for encrypted traffic the system cannot decrypt
- log traffic that is handled by the default action and undecryptable traffic actions
After you create or modify an SSL policy, you can associate it with an access control policy, then apply the access control policy. You can also create custom user roles that allow you to assign different permissions to different users for configuring, organizing, and applying policies.
The following table summarizes the configuration actions you can take on the SSL policy editor.
click the name or description field, delete any characters as needed, then type the new name or description. |
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find more information at Setting Default Handling and Inspection for Encrypted Traffic. |
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find more information at Setting Default Handling for Undecryptable Traffic. |
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log connections for the default action and undecryptable traffic actions |
find more information at Logging Decryptable Connections with SSL Rules. |
find more information at Trusting External Certificate Authorities. |
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find more information at Managing Your SSL Inspection Deployment with Custom User Roles. |
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click Add Rule . See Understanding and Creating SSL Rules for more information. |
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click the edit icon ( |
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right-click a selected rule, select
State
, then select
Disable
or
Enable
. Disabled rules are grayed and marked |
|
display the configuration page for a specific rule attribute |
click the name, value, or icon in the column for the condition on the row for the rule. For example, click the name or value in the Source Networks column to display the Networks page for the selected rule. See Tuning Traffic Decryption Using SSL Rules for more information. |
When you change your configuration, a message indicates that you have unsaved changes. To retain your changes, you must save the policy before exiting the policy editor. If you attempt to exit the policy editor without saving your changes, you are cautioned that you have unsaved changes; you can then discard your changes and exit the policy, or return to the policy editor.
To protect the privacy of your session, after sixty minutes of inactivity on the policy editor, changes to your policy are discarded and you are returned to the SSL Policy page. After the first thirty minutes of inactivity, a message appears and updates periodically to provide the number of minutes remaining before changes are discarded. Any activity on the page cancels the timer.
When you attempt to edit the same policy in two browser windows, you are prompted whether to resume your edit in the new window, discard your changes in the original window and continue editing in the new window, or cancel the second window and return to the policy editor.
When multiple users edit the same policy concurrently, a message on the policy editor identifies other users who have unsaved changes. Any user who attempts to save changes is cautioned that his changes will overwrite changes by other users. When the same policy is saved by multiple users, the last saved changes are retained.
Access: Admin/Access Admin/Network Admin
Step 1 Select Policies > SSL .
Step 2 Click the edit icon (
) next to the SSL policy you want to configure.
The SSL policy editor page appears.
Step 3 You have the following choices:
- To configure your policy, you can take any of the actions summarized in the SSL Policy Configuration Actions table.
- To organize rules in your policy, you can take any of the actions described in Managing SSL Rules in a Policy.
Step 4 Save or discard your configuration. You have the following choices:
Your changes are discarded and the SSL Policy page appears.
Applying Decryption Settings Using Access Control
After making any changes to an SSL policy, you must apply the access control policy it is associated with. For more information, see Applying an Access Control Policy.
Caution Associating an SSL policy with an access control policy, or subsequently dissociating the policy by selecting None, restarts the Snort process when you apply your access control policy, temporarily interrupting traffic inspection. Whether traffic drops during this interruption or passes without further inspection depends on the model of the managed device and how it handles traffic. See How Snort Restarts Affect Traffic for more information.
Keep the following points in mind when applying SSL policies:
- You cannot delete an SSL policy that has been applied or is currently applying.
- Applying an access control policy automatically applies the associated SSL policy. You cannot apply an SSL policy independently.
Note In a passive deployment, the system cannot influence the flow of traffic. If you attempt to apply an access control policy that references an SSL policy that blocks encrypted traffic, or that is configured to decrypt traffic by re-signing the server certificate, the system displays a warning. Also, passive deployments do not support decrypting traffic encrypted with the ephemeral Diffie-Hellman (DHE) or the elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) cipher suites.
To associate an SSL policy with an access control policy:
Access: Admin/Security Approver
Step 1 Select Policies > Access Control .
The Access Control Policy page appears.
Step 2 Click the edit icon (
) next to the access control policy you want to configure.
The access control policy editor appears.
Step 3 Select the Advanced tab.
Advanced settings for the access control policy appear.
Step 4 Click the edit icon (
) next to General Settings.
The General Settings pop-up window appears.
Step 5 Select an SSL policy from the SSL Policy to use for inspecting encrypted connections drop-down.
Advanced settings for the access control policy appear.
Step 7 Click Save to save your changes.
You must apply the access control policy for your changes to take effect; see Applying an Access Control Policy.
Generating a Report of Current Traffic Decryption Settings
An SSL policy report is a record of the policy and rules configuration at a specific point in time. You can use the report for auditing purposes or to inspect the current configuration.
Tip You can also generate an SSL comparison report that compares a policy with the currently applied policy or with another policy. For more information, see Comparing SSL Policies.
An SSL policy report contains the sections described in the following table.
Access: Admin/Access Admin/Network Admin/Security Approver
Step 2 Click the report icon (
) next to the policy for which you want to generate a report. Remember to save any changes before you generate an SSL policy report; only saved changes appear in the report.
The system generates the report. Depending on your browser settings, the report may appear in a pop-up window, or you may be prompted to save the report to your computer.
Comparing SSL Policies
To review policy changes for compliance with your organization’s standards or to optimize system performance, you can examine the differences between two SSL policies. You can compare any two policies or the currently applied policy with another policy. Optionally, after you compare, you can then generate a PDF report to record the differences between the two policies.
There are two tools you can use to compare policies:
- The comparison view displays only the differences between two policies in a side-by-side format. The name of each policy appears in the title bar on the left and right sides of the comparison view except when you select Running Configuration , in which case a blank bar represents the currently active policy.
You can use this to view and navigate both policies on the web interface, with their differences highlighted.
- The comparison report creates a record of only the differences between two policies in a format similar to the policy report, but in PDF format.
You can use this to save, copy, print, and share your policy comparisons for further examination.
For more information on understanding and using the policy comparison tools, see:
Using the SSL Policy Comparison View
The comparison view displays both policies in a side-by-side format, with each policy identified by name in the title bar on the left and right sides of the comparison view. When comparing two policies other than the running configuration, the time of last modification and the last user to modify are displayed with the policy name. Differences between the two policies are highlighted:
- Blue indicates that the highlighted setting is different in the two policies, and the difference is noted in red text.
- Green indicates that the highlighted setting appears in one policy but not the other.
You can perform any of the actions in the following table.
click Previous or Next above the title bar.
The double-arrow icon ( |
|
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The Select Comparison window appears. See Using the SSL Policy Comparison Report for more information. |
|
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The policy comparison report creates a PDF document that lists only the differences between the two policies. |
) centered between the left and right sides moves, and the
Difference
number adjusts to identify which difference you are viewing.Using the SSL Policy Comparison Report
An SSL policy comparison report is a record of all differences between two SSL policies or a policy and the currently applied policy identified by the policy comparison view, presented in PDF format. You can use this report to further examine the differences between two policy configurations and to save and disseminate your findings.
You can generate an SSL policy comparison report from the comparison view for any policies to which you have access. Remember to save any changes before you generate a policy report; only saved changes appear in the report.
The format of the policy comparison report is the same as the policy report with one exception: the policy report contains all configurations in the policy, and the policy comparison report lists only those configurations that differ between the policies. An SSL policy comparison report contains the sections described in Generating a Report of Current Traffic Decryption Settings.
Tip You can use a similar procedure to compare access control, network analysis, intrusion, file, system, or health policies.
Access: Admin/Access Admin/Network Admin/Security Approver
Step 2 Click Compare Policies .
The Select Comparison window appears.
Step 3 From the Compare Against drop-down list, select the type of comparison you want to make:
The page refreshes and the Policy A and Policy B drop-down lists appear.
The page refreshes and the Target/Running Configuration A and Policy B drop-down lists appear.
Step 4 Depending on the comparison type you selected, you have the following choices:
Step 5 Click OK to display the policy comparison view.
Step 6 Optionally, click Comparison Report to generate the SSL policy comparison report.
The SSL policy comparison report appears. Depending on your browser settings, the report may appear in a pop-up window, or you may be prompted to save the report to your computer.
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